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Agreements and Disagreements between Automatic and Human Speaker Recognition
Valenta, Jakub ; Matějka, Pavel (referee) ; Rohdin, Johan Andréas (advisor)
Tato práce se zabývá problémem rozpoznáváním mluvčího. Uvedený pojem je definován a doplněn o jednotlivé metody, které s ním souvisí. Cílem práce je poukázat na shody a rozdíly mezi lidským a automatickým procesem rozpoznávání mluvčího. V úvodu práce jsou popsány teoretické poznatky z obou zmíněných oblastí, tj. na jaké aspekty lidské řeči se zaměřuje člověk, resp. automatický systém. Následně je provedeno několik experimentů, které mají za úkol srovnat tyto dvě metody. Tyto experimenty jsou vyhodnoceny tak, že je možné pozorovat, které testovací úlohy dokáže lépe vyřešit člověk, aby následně bylo možné tyto poznatky použít ke zlepšení funkce automatického systému. V závěru práce je takovýto návrh na zlepšení automatického systému předveden a otestován. Testování proběhlo úspěšně a byla zaznamenána vyšší přesnost při vyhodnocování. Takový výsledek tedy může být užitý v dalších výzkumech a umožnit tak další vývoj v oblasti automatického rozpoznávání mluvčích.
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Comparison of analysis of speech in dependence on age and gender
Báňa, Josef ; Smékal, Zdeněk (referee) ; Atassi, Hicham (advisor)
This thesis deals with analysis of speech signal in dependence on the gender and the age of the speaker. We tried to investigate through the features to find the best set for the automatic classification of speakers. It also contains a brief discussion about the speech signal and its characteristics. We used a program called Praat for the speech analysis purpose. This program is also described in this work. We mainly focused on the suprasegmental features of speech. Our first step was to make our own speech corpus which should contain speech records from speakers with various age and gender. We made the analysis using Praat and reported it within this thesis. For the automatic classification purpose, twelve features were selected basing on there quality criteria and used with a neural network to classify the speakers to classes with different age and gender. As it was mentioned, a neural network was used as a classifier. We used “Neural Network Toolbox” in the Matlab program to create and train our networks.
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Database of recordings for detection of voice activity
Pelikán, Pavel ; Hudec, Antonín (referee) ; Míča, Ivan (advisor)
This thesis deals with voice activity detection (VAD) and requirements for creating a speech database. One of the existing tools for marking recordings was chosen. On the basis of the gained knowledge, database of isolated words, sentences, text and spontaneous speech was created. The practical part consists of a detailed description of database and mark creation. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the conversion of marks into Matlab. There are also some auxiliary scripts for operations with marks. Prepared and a database was created in an anechoic chamber and includes recordings from 16 speakers.
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Nonverbal communication focused on gestures accompanying speech.
Bednaříková, Nikola ; Škvařilová, Božena (advisor) ; Blažek, Vladimír (referee)
In this thesis, gesticulation is presented in a context of nonverbal communication. It is likely that gestures preceded the birth of an articulated speech. Nevertheless even in the present, people convey information via gesticulation to their surroundings. This ability can be found at small children, gestures play the role of a speech precursor there. Human language is a codified form of diction. We can see every word as a symbol. The formal layout is available even for gesture communication. This happens in case that gesticulation stands for speech. If you want to share your thoughts via symbols it is relatively complicated. People can present their opinions and thoughts by gestures thought, that they do not have a stable form. These usually accompany a verbal speech. Gesticulation has a significance for both speakers and listeners. Benefits were formulated separately for each of them. It helps the speaker to keep his speech fluent, to decrease the cognitive strain and makes easier for him to formulate ideas, which he can not to express in words. The listener gains information about the topic, that he is told about. On top of this, gestures can express different information, that are not involved in verbal speech. This discrepancy between arm movements and speech is beneficial for both communicating partners.
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Faults and errors in teatching French as a foreign language in Czech grammar schools
Eiblová, Marie ; Klinka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Suková Vychopňová, Kateřina (referee)
The diploma thesis is a reflection on the concept of error; it defines error in regard to language norm and language usage. It deals with errors committed by high school students. In addition, it seeks to uncover at least some of the causes why and how the error occurs, and it focuses on the influence of interference. It examines whether the phenomena that do not occur in Czech, are actually more difficult to understand and then to use in practical language. In the theoretical part the work also treats the issue of fault assessment, answers the critical questions in this area and summarizes some recommendations to the motivational and constructive evaluation that leads to understanding of the problem, and thus eliminating errors. In the practical part, it introduces the text which served as a basis for the research. In addition to the translation, students were also asked questions about the style of teaching, learning, assessment and their motivation for the studying French. Conclusions drawn from both the translations and the interviews are presented at the end of work. Keywords: error, grammar, meaning, speaker, interference, evaluation, learning styles, motivation, translation, written production
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Agreements and Disagreements between Automatic and Human Speaker Recognition
Valenta, Jakub ; Matějka, Pavel (referee) ; Rohdin, Johan Andréas (advisor)
Tato práce se zabývá problémem rozpoznáváním mluvčího. Uvedený pojem je definován a doplněn o jednotlivé metody, které s ním souvisí. Cílem práce je poukázat na shody a rozdíly mezi lidským a automatickým procesem rozpoznávání mluvčího. V úvodu práce jsou popsány teoretické poznatky z obou zmíněných oblastí, tj. na jaké aspekty lidské řeči se zaměřuje člověk, resp. automatický systém. Následně je provedeno několik experimentů, které mají za úkol srovnat tyto dvě metody. Tyto experimenty jsou vyhodnoceny tak, že je možné pozorovat, které testovací úlohy dokáže lépe vyřešit člověk, aby následně bylo možné tyto poznatky použít ke zlepšení funkce automatického systému. V závěru práce je takovýto návrh na zlepšení automatického systému předveden a otestován. Testování proběhlo úspěšně a byla zaznamenána vyšší přesnost při vyhodnocování. Takový výsledek tedy může být užitý v dalších výzkumech a umožnit tak další vývoj v oblasti automatického rozpoznávání mluvčích.
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Speech culture of spokespeople with analysis of Jiří Ovčáček
Sulimenko, Konstantin ; Klabíková Rábová, Tereza (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the practice of speech, specifically the delivery of speech, of spokespeople in the Czech Republic and in this context, it analyses one of the most prominent Czech spokespeople Jiří Ovčáček. It introduces the combination of analytical tools for the analysis of a quality speech with emphasis on orthoepy, phonetics and rhetorical theory. Methods of exact measuring of vowel quality and quantity, speech rate and other acoustic correlates of a charismatic speech as well as methods of auditory analysis of phones and phone structures are introduced. Besides the use of those analytical tools in a practical research, the importance of those methods for analyses of PR experts is discussed. In the practical part, previously described methods are used to analyse the spokesman of the Czech president Jiří Ovčáček. The dataset consisted of five his speeches from 2015 to 2019. The analysis aimed to find and explain specific problems and deficiencies in his articulation, to explore shifts in vowel quality and quantity globally and to measure the speech rate. The part of the analysis is the interpretation and contextualisation of the results as for the current state of speech culture in Czechia. The progress of Jiří Ovčáček's speech abilities is also discussed as well as possibilities...
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Faults and errors in teatching French as a foreign language in Czech grammar schools
Eiblová, Marie ; Klinka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Suková Vychopňová, Kateřina (referee)
The diploma thesis is a reflection on the concept of error; it defines error in regard to language norm and language usage. It deals with errors committed by high school students. In addition, it seeks to uncover at least some of the causes why and how the error occurs, and it focuses on the influence of interference. It examines whether the phenomena that do not occur in Czech, are actually more difficult to understand and then to use in practical language. In the theoretical part the work also treats the issue of fault assessment, answers the critical questions in this area and summarizes some recommendations to the motivational and constructive evaluation that leads to understanding of the problem, and thus eliminating errors. In the practical part, it introduces the text which served as a basis for the research. In addition to the translation, students were also asked questions about the style of teaching, learning, assessment and their motivation for the studying French. Conclusions drawn from both the translations and the interviews are presented at the end of work. Keywords: error, grammar, meaning, speaker, interference, evaluation, learning styles, motivation, translation, written production
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Structurally motivated analysis of intonation downtrends in three Czech accents
Pospíšilová, Iva ; Volín, Jan (advisor) ; Palková, Zdena (referee)
This thesis pursues the topic of downtrends in Czech intonation in correlation with the geographical origin of speakers. The theoretical part is devoted to the section on the suprasegmental plateaux of the language - the intonation, the intonation variability, and mainly the intonation downtrends. It also brings a selective dialectical description of three Czech regions, which this thesis deals with: Plzeňsko, Štítecko and Břeclavsko. The practical part is targeted to the intonational analysis of the speech material (74 speakers overall), acquired in the previously mentioned regions. The average caliber of the guidelines, acquired by the application of the regressive line, were − for the given groups of speakers − compared and annotated, considering the age and sex of the respondents, (ideal) number of tacts or relative presence of the finding questions. key words: intonation, intonational downtrends, region, speaker, regressive line
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Language shift in the minority languages in Peru: case of community Bora-Huitoto
Satrapová, Sandra ; Vlková Hingarová, Vendula (advisor) ; Mištinová, Anna (referee)
The thesis deals with the current situation of minority languages in Peru, focusing on language shift as a sociolinguistic phenomenon, which is seen as a transition from the use of one language to another language. The first part conceives the topic from a broader perspective and points out certain weaknesses in the subject. Some Peruvian minority languages, ie the native languages of the Amazon region, have not been adequately documented, individual languages have not been given sufficient attention by linguists, and therefore we encounter inconsistent terminology, classifications and varying estimates of the number of the languages. Many of the languages are in danger of extinction because they are replaced in everyday use by Spanish. The thesis analyzes the individual extralinguistic and other factors that have contributed to accelerating the language shift, and on the basis of empiric data obtained during field research in 2013, describes the progress of the shift in selected communities in the languages Bora and Huitoto murui. The third part introduces the sociolinguistic profile of the settlements Pucaurquillo and Ancon Colonia, which were the center of the research. The main part of the thesis analyzes the topic "behaviour towards language", focused on the intergenerational transmission of...
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